An ideal gas is allowed to expand both reversibly and irreversibly in an isolated system. If is the initial temperature and is the final temperature, which of the following statements is correct?
- (A)✓ Correct
- (B) for reversible process but for irreversible process
- (C)
- (D) for both reversible and irreversible processes
Answer: (A)
Solution
In an isolated system no heat is exchanged, so the gas does its expansion work entirely at the expense of its own internal energy and must cool. A reversible expansion extracts the maximum possible work, so it lowers the internal energy most and produces the largest temperature drop; an irreversible expansion against a smaller opposing pressure does less work and cools the gas less. The final temperature after the irreversible path is therefore the higher of the two, .
JEE Main · 2006 · 30 Apr 2006 · Offline · Single correct option