The total number of reagents from those given below, that can convert nitrobenzene into aniline is ______. (Integer answer) I. $\mathrm{Sn}-\mathrm{HCl}$ II. $\mathrm{Sn}-\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{OH}$ III. $\mathrm{Fe}-\mathrm{HCl}$ IV. $\mathrm{Zn}-\mathrm{HCl}$ V. $\mathrm{H}_{2}-\mathrm{Pd}$ VI. $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ - Raney Nickel

JEE Main · 2021 · 31 Aug 2021 · Shift 1 · Compounds Containing Nitrogen

The total number of reagents from those given below, that can convert nitrobenzene into aniline is ______. (Integer answer)
I.

Sn - HCl

II.

Sn - NH_{4} OH

III.

Fe - HCl

IV.

Zn - HCl

H_{2} - Pd

VI.

H_{2}

- Raney Nickel

Answer: 5

Solution

Nitrobenzene is reduced to aniline both by dissolving-metal reagents in acid and by catalytic hydrogenation.

Sn - HCl

Fe - HCl

and

Zn - HCl

provide acidic metal reduction, while

H_{2}

over palladium and

H_{2}

over Raney nickel reduce the nitro group catalytically. Tin with ammonium hydroxide offers no acidic medium and does not carry the reduction to the amine. Five of the six reagents convert nitrobenzene into aniline.

JEE Main · 2021 · 31 Aug 2021 · Shift 1 · Integer answer

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