Equilibrium — JEE Main PYQs

The following reaction occurs in the Blast furnance where iron ore is reduced to iron metal
${\mathrm{Fe}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_{3(\mathrm{s})}+3{\mathrm{CO}}_{(\mathrm{g})}\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{Fe}}_{(\mathrm{l})}+3{\mathrm{CO}}_{2(\mathrm{g})}$
Using the Le-chatelier's principle …

While preparing crystals of Mohr's salt, dil. ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ is added to a mixture of ferrous sulphate and ammonium sulphate, before dissolving this mixture in water, dil. ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ is added here to:

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: On passing ${\mathrm{HCl}}_{(\mathrm{g})}$ through a saturated solution of ${\mathrm{BaCl}}_2$, at room temperature white turbidity appears.

Statement II : When HCl gas is passed through a saturated solution of NaCl, sodium chlorid …

At $-20^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and 1 atm pressure, a cylinder is filled with equal number of ${\mathrm{H}}_2$. ${\mathrm{I}}_2$ and HI molecules for the reaction
${\mathrm{H}}_2(\mathrm{g})+{\mathrm{I}}_2(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{HI}(\mathrm{g})$, the …

The ratio $\frac{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{P}}}{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{C}}}$ for the reaction:
${\mathrm{CO}}_{(\mathrm{g})}+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2(\mathrm{g})}\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{CO}}_{2(\mathrm{g})}$ is:

The equilibrium ${\mathrm{Cr}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_7^{2-}\rightleftharpoons 2{\mathrm{CrO}}_4^{2-}$ is shifted to the right in :

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I): A Buffer solution is the mixture of a salt and an acid or a base mixed in any particular quantities.

Statement (II) : Blood is naturally occurring buffer solution whose pH is maintained by …

For the given hypothetical reactions, the equilibrium constants are as follows:
$\mathrm{X}\rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Y};{\mathrm{K}}_1=1.0$
$\mathrm{Y}\rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Z};{\mathrm{K}}_2=2.0$
$\mathrm{Z}\rightleftharpoons \mathrm{W};{\mathrm{K}}_3=4.0$
The equi …

For a sparingly soluble salt ${\mathrm{AB}}_2$, the equilibrium concentrations of ${\mathrm{A}}^{2+}$ ions and ${\mathrm{B}}^{-}$ions are $1.2\times 10^{-4}\mathrm{M}$ and $0.24\times 10^{-3}\mathrm{M}$, respectively. The solubility product of ${\mathrm{AB}}_2$ is :

Given below are two statements :
Statement (I) : Aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is basic.
Statement (II) : Acidic/basic nature of salt solution of a salt of weak acid and weak base depends on ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ and ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{b}}$ value of acid and the ba …

Solubility of calcium phosphate (molecular mass, M) in water is W g per 100 mL at 25°C. Its solubility product at 25°C will be approximately.

${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ for ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH}$ is $1.8\times 10^{-5}$ and ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{b}}$ for ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{OH}$ is $1.8\times 10^{-5}$. The pH of ammonium acetate solution will be

For the reaction ${\mathrm{N}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_4(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2{\mathrm{NO}}_2(\mathrm{g})$, ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}}=0.492\mathrm{atm}$ at $300\mathrm{K}.{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{c}}$ for the reaction at same temperature is ____ $\times 10^{-2}$.
(Gi …

The following concentrations were observed at 500 K for the formation of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ from ${\mathrm{N}}_2$ and ${\mathrm{H}}_2$. At equilibrium : $[{\mathrm{N}}_2]=2\times 10^{-2}\mathrm{M},[{\mathrm{H}}_2]=3\times 10^{-2}\mathrm{M}$ and …

For the given reaction, choose the correct expression of ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{C}}$ from the following :-
${\mathrm{Fe}}_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{3+}+{\mathrm{SCN}}_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{-}\rightleftharpoons (\mathrm{FeSCN}{)}_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{2+}$

The pH at which $\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\left[{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}=1\times 10^{-11}\right]$ begins to precipitate from a solution containing 0.10 M ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$ ions is ____

The correct relationship between , and equilibrium pressure P is

The pH of an aqueous solution containing 1 M benzoic acid $\left({\mathrm{pK}}_{\mathrm{a}}=4.20\right)$ and 1 M sodium benzoate is 4.5. The volume of benzoic acid solution in 300 mL of this buffer solution is ____ mL.

For a concentrated solution of a weak electrolyte (${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{eq}}=$ equilibrium constant) ${\mathrm{A}}_2{\mathrm{B}}_3$ of concentration 'c', the degree of dissociation "$\alpha$' is

The volume of 0.02 M aqueous HBr required to neutralize 10.0 mL of 0.01 M aqueous $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$ is (Assume complete neutralization)

The equilibrium composition for the reaction ${\mathrm{PCl}}_3+{\mathrm{Cl}}_2\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{PCl}}_5$ at 298 K is given below.
$[{\mathrm{PCl}}_3{]}_{\mathrm{eq}}=0.2\mathrm{mol}{\mathrm{L}}^{-1}$ …

Given below are two statements :-

Statement I :- Methyl orange is a weak acid.
Statement II :- The benzenoid form of methyl orange is more intense/deeply coloured than the quinonoid form.
In the light of the above statement, choose the most appropriate answer from the options gi …

Given below are two statements :-

Statement I :- In redox titration, the indicators used are sensitive to change in pH of the solution.
Statement II :- In acid-base titration, the indicators used are sensitive to change in oxidation potential.
In the light of the above statement …

The solubility product of ${\mathrm{BaSO}}_4$ is $1\times 10^{-10}$ at 298 K . The solubility of ${\mathrm{BaSO}}_4$ in $0.1\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{K}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4(\mathrm{aq})$ solution is ____ $\times 10^{-9}\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{L}}^{-1}$ (nearest integer).
Gi …

$\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g})$

For the given reaction, if the initial pressure is 450 mm Hg and the pressure at time t is 720 mm Hg at a constant temperature T and constant volume V. The fraction of …

The titration curve of weak acid vs. strong base (with phenolphthalein as indicator) is shown below. The $K_{\text{phenolphthalein}}=4\times 10^{-10}$. Given: $\log 2=0.3$

The number of following statements which is/are correct about phenolphthalein is ______
(A) It can be …

The number of correct statement/s involving equilibria in physical process from the following is
(A) Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature
(B) Both the opposing processes occur at the same rate.
(C) When equilibrium is attained at a given temperat …

25 mL of silver nitrate solution ( 1 M ) is added dropwise to 25 mL of potassium iodide ( 1.05 M ) solution. The ion(s) present in very small quantity in the solution is/are

A mixture of 1 mole of ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ and 1 mole of CO is taken in a 10 litre container and heated to 725 K . At equilibrium $40\%$ of water by mass reacts with carbon monoxide according to the equation : …

4.5 moles each of hydrogen and iodine is heated in a sealed ten litre vessel. At equilibrium, 3 moles of HI were found. The equilibrium constant for ${\mathrm{H}}_2(\mathrm{g})+{\mathrm{I}}_2(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{HI}(\mathrm{g})$ is ______

25.0 mL of $0.050\mathrm{M}\mathrm{Ba}({\mathrm{NO}}_3{)}_2$ is mixed with 25.0 mL of 0.020 M NaF. ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$ of ${\mathrm{BaF}}_2$ is $0.5\times 10^{-6}$ at 298 K. The ratio of $[B{a}^{2+}][F^{-}{]}^2$ and ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$ is ______ (Nearest integer)

20 mL of 0.1 M NaOH is added to 50 mL of 0.1 M acetic acid solution. The pH of the resulting solution is ____ $\times 10^{-2}$ (Nearest integer)

Given: $\mathrm{pKa}({\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH})=4.76$
$\log 2=0.30$
$\log 3=0.48$

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(A) The pH of $1\times 10^{-8}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{HCl}$ solution is 8 .
(B) The conjugate base ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{PO}}_4{}^{-}$ is ${\mathrm{HPO}}_4{}^{2-}$.
(C) ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{w}}$ increases with increase in temp …

(i) $\mathrm{X}(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Y}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Z}(\mathrm{g}){\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}1}=3$
(ii) $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g}){\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{p}2}=1$

If the degree of dissociation and ini …

The dissociation constant of acetic is $\mathrm{x}\times 10^{-5}$. When 25 mL of $0.2\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COONa}$ solution is mixed with 25 mL of $0.02\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH}$ solution, the pH of the resultant solution is found to be equal to 5. …

If the pKa of lactic acid is 5, then the pH of 0.005 M calcium lactate solution at $25^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ is ____ $\times 10^{-1}$ (Nearest integer)

Lactic acid

A litre of buffer solution contains 0.1 mole of each of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ and ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$. On the addition of 0.02 mole of HCl by dissolving gaseous HCl , the pH of the solution is found to be ______ $\times 10^{-3}$ (Nearest integer)
[Given : …

When the hydrogen ion concentration [${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$] changes by a factor of 1000, the value of pH of the solution
______ .

Millimoles of calcium hydroxyide required to produce 100 mL of the aqueous solution of pH 12 is $x\times 10^{-1}$. The value of $x$ is ______ (Nearest integer).

Assume complete dissociation.

Water decomposes at 2300 K

The percent of water decomposing at 2300 K and 1 bar is ______ (Nearest integer).

Equilibrium constant for the reaction is …

At 298 K
${\mathrm{N}}_2(\mathrm{g})+3{\mathrm{H}}_2(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2{\mathrm{NH}}_3(\mathrm{g}),{\mathrm{K}}_1=4\times 10^5$ …

600 mL of 0.01 M HCl is mixed with 400 mL of $0.01\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$. The pH of the mixture is ______ $\times 10^{-2}$. (Nearest integer)
[Given $\log 2=0.30,\log 3=0.48$
$\log 5=0.69$
$\log 7=0.84$
$\log 11=1.04]$

The effect of addition of helium gas to the following reaction in equilibrium state, is :
${\mathrm{PCl}}_5(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{PCl}}_3(\mathrm{g})+{\mathrm{Cl}}_2(\mathrm{g})$

Incorrect statement for the use of indicators in acid-base titration is :

At 298 K, the solubility of silver chloride in water is $1.434\times 10^{-3}\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{L}}^{-1}$. The value of $-\log {\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$ for silver chloride is ____.
(Given mass of Ag is $107.9\mathrm{g}{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$ and mass of Cl is …

Consider the following equation :
$2{\mathrm{SO}}_2(\mathrm{g})+{\mathrm{O}}_2(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons 2{\mathrm{SO}}_3(\mathrm{g}),\Delta \mathrm{H}=-190\mathrm{kJ}$
The number of factors which will increase the yield of ${\mathrm{SO}}_3$ at equilibrium from t …

For reaction : ${\mathrm{SO}}_2(\mathrm{g})+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{O}}_2(\mathrm{g})\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{SO}}_3(\mathrm{g})$
${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{P}}=2\times 10^{12}$ at $27^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and 1 atm pressure. The ${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{c}}$ for the same reaction is _ …

200 mL of 0.01 M HCl is mixed with 400 mL of $0.01\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$. The pH of the mixture is ____ .

A compound 'X' is a weak acid and it exhibits colour change at pH close to the equivalence point during neutralization of NaOH with ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH}$. Compound 'X' exists in ionized form in basic medium. The compound 'X' is :

$K_a$ for butyric acid $(C_3{H}_{7}COOH)$ is $2\times 10^{-5}$. The pH of 0.2 M solution of butyric acid is $\_\_\_\_$ $\times 10^{-1}$.
(Nearest integer) [Given $\log 2=0.30$]