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CBSE Class 12 · 2003 · All India Compartment · BiomoleculesShort Answer

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Write four characteristic features of enzymes. Name a disease which is caused by the deficiency of a particular enzyme.

Solution

Features:
  1. absolute \textbf{specificity} — one enzyme, one substrate;
  2. needed only in \textbf{trace amounts};
  3. speed reactions up to 10–10 times by \textbf{lowering activation energy};
  4. act under \textbf{mild conditions} (37 °C, near-neutral pH) and are pH/temperature-sensitive.
Deficiency disease: \textbf{phenylketonuria} — lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase (albinism, from tyrosinase deficiency, also accepted).

CBSE Class 12 Board · 2003 · All India Compartment · Subjective

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