CBSE Class 12 · 2005 · All India · Compounds Containing NitrogenVery Short Answer

How is the basic strength of aromatic amines affected by the presence of an electron-releasing group on the benzene ring?

Solution

Electron-donating substituents push density toward the –NH

_{2}

nitrogen, making the lone pair more available and stabilising the anilinium ion:
p-CH

_{3}

–C

_{6}

_{4}

_{2}

(p-toluidine) > C

_{6}

_{5}

_{2}

.
So +I/+M groups \textbf{raise} the basicity of aromatic amines.

CBSE Class 12 Board · 2005 · All India · Subjective