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JEE Main · 2023 · 06 Apr 2023 · Shift 2 · Gravitation

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Choose the incorrect statement from the following:
  1. (A)The speed of satellite in a given circular orbit remains constant.
  2. (B)For a planet revolving around the sun in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet remains constant.
  3. (C)When a body fall towards earth, the displacement of earth towards the body is negligible.
  4. (D)The linear speed of a planet revolving around the sun remains constant.✓ Correct

Answer: (D)

Solution

In a given circular orbit the speed is constant, the total mechanical energy of a planet on any orbit is conserved, and the Earth's displacement towards a falling body is negligible because of its enormous mass, so those three statements are correct. For a planet on an elliptical orbit Kepler's second law keeps the areal velocity constant, which forces the linear speed to vary, being greatest at perihelion and least at aphelion. The statement that the linear speed of a planet revolving around the sun remains constant is therefore the incorrect one.

JEE Main · 2023 · 06 Apr 2023 · Shift 2 · Single correct option

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