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JEE Main · 2024 · 30 Jan 2024 · Shift 2 · Practical and Analytical Chemistry

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Which among the following purification methods is based on the principle of "Solubility" in two different solvents?
  1. (A)Column Chromatography
  2. (B)Sublimation
  3. (C)Distillation
  4. (D)Differential Extraction✓ Correct

Answer: (D)

Solution

Differential extraction (liquid–liquid extraction) separates a solute from a mixture using its differing solubility in two immiscible solvents. The mixture is shaken with the two solvents in a separating funnel; the solute distributes between the two layers according to its distribution coefficient, and the layers are then separated. Column chromatography relies on differential adsorption on a stationary phase, sublimation relies on direct solid-to-vapour conversion, and distillation relies on differences in boiling point — none of these separate on the basis of solubility in two solvents. Differential extraction is the method based on solubility in two different solvents.

JEE Main · 2024 · 30 Jan 2024 · Shift 2 · Single correct option

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