A thin flexible wire of length L is connected to two adjacent fixed points and carries a current I in the clockwise direction, as shown in the figure. When the system is put in a uniform magnetic field of strength B going into the plane of the paper, the wire takes the shape of a circle. The tension in the wire is
(A)IBL
(B)πIBL
(C)2πIBL✓ Correct
(D)4πIBL
Answer: (C)
Solution
When the wire forms a circle of circumference L, its radius is r=L/(2π). The magnetic force per unit length on the wire is f=IB (directed radially outward). For equilibrium of a small element subtending angle dθ at the center, the radial component of tension provides the centripetal force: 2Tsin(dθ/2)=f⋅r⋅dθ. For small dθ, sin(dθ/2)≈dθ/2, giving T=f⋅r=IB⋅2πL=2πIBL. The answer is (C).
JEE Advanced · 2010 · 11 Apr 2010 · Paper 1 · Single correct option