JEE Main · 2015 · 04 Apr 2015 · Offline · Modern Physics

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As an electron makes a transition from an excited state to the ground state of a hydrogen - like atom/ion:
  1. (A)kinetic energy, potential energy and total energy decrease
  2. (B)kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases but total energy remains same
  3. (C)kinetic energy and total energy decrease but potential energy increases
  4. (D)its kinetic energy increases but potential energy and total energy decrease✓ Correct

Answer: (D)

Solution

It helps to recall the energy bookkeeping of a hydrogen-like atom: the total energy obeys and , so all three quantities are tied to the single number . Dropping towards the ground state means falling into a more tightly bound level, so grows more negative and the total energy decreases. Because , the potential energy also becomes more negative, i.e. it decreases as well. But , so as falls the kinetic energy rises; the electron speeds up while both its potential and total energies drop.

JEE Main · 2015 · 04 Apr 2015 · Offline · Single correct option

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