CBSE Class 12 · 2009 · All India · Coordination CompoundsShort Answer

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Giving a suitable example for each, explain the following:
i) crystal field splitting
ii) linkage isomerism
iii) ambidentate ligand

Solution

(i) Crystal field splitting: in a complex the five degenerate d-orbitals of the metal split into sets of different energy under the ligands' electrostatic field — in an octahedral field into lower t

_{2 g}

and upper e

_{g}

separated by Δ

_{0}

. Example: [Ti(H

_{2}

_{6}

]

^{3 +}

, whose purple colour arises from the t

_{2 g}

→ e

_{g}

transition.
(ii) Linkage isomerism: isomers differing in the donor atom of an ambidentate ligand — [Co(NH

_{3}

)

_{5}

(NO

_{2}

)]Cl

_{2}

(N-bonded, yellow) and [Co(NH

_{3}

)

_{5}

(ONO)]Cl

_{2}

(O-bonded, red).
(iii) Ambidentate ligand: a ligand with two different possible donor atoms, using one at a time — NO

_{2}^{-}

(N or O), SCN

^{-}

(S or N).

CBSE Class 12 Board · 2009 · All India · Subjective

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CBSE Class 12 · 2009 · All India · Coordination CompoundsShort Answer

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